Boiler-feeder



No. 6l8,484. Patented Jan; 3], I899.

. 0. J. SCOTT.

BOILER FEEDER. I (Application filed Aug. 19, 1s91.

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No. M81484.

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No. 6l8,484.

0. J. SCOTT.

BDILER FEEDER; (Applicationfiled Aug. 19, 1897. (No Model.)

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STATES.

ORLA J. SCOTT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BOILER-FEEDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No; 618,484, dated January 31, 1899.

Application filed August 19, 1897. Serial No. 648,806. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ORLA J. SCOTT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boiler-Feeders; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de scription of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l is a view in side elevation of a boiler (which may be one of'a series) and a feed-water system connected therewith and embodying my invention, parts being broken away to show the interior of the primary receivers, &c. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the differential valve which is interposed between the steam-supply and the primary receiver and connected with the main receiver, so as to be controlled by the pressure in the main receiver. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the graduating steam-admission valve which is interposed between the differential valve and the primary receiver. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the upper or steam-induction end of the primary receiver, the perforated-cone jetspreader being shown in full line. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional viewof the steam-inlet valve to the main receiver. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a float-controlled re-- lief-valve for unbalancing the steam-inlet or induction valve of the main receiver when the water in the feed-pipe falls below a given level. (To show the relation thereof, Figs. 5 and 6 have been coupled by a pipe shown in dotted lines.) Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of one of the feed-water-admission valves which controls the flow of the feed-water to Fig. 8 is an enlarged view, partly in section, of a float-controlled auxiliary valve for causing the fall of the boiler-water below a given level to open the feed-water-admission valve. (Toindicatethe relation of the valves shown in Figs. 7 and 8, they have been connected up by a pipe shown in dotted lines.) Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12 are detail and sectional views of portions of the auxiliary valve shown in Fig. 8.

Like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur.

My present invention relates to certain improvements in the receivers and valves of automatic boiler feeders in general, and though said improvements have been especially devised with reference to the operation of that system of boiler-feeders wherein are combined a primary receiver, a main receiver, a steam-supply, and a differential valve interposed between the steam-supply and the primary receiver and controlled by the pressure in the main receiver, as set forth in and covered by my Letters Patent Nos. 577,325 and 577,392, dated February 16, 1897, yet it is not myintention to limit my present claims to the individual constructions or to confine them to the particular combinations chosen for purposes of illustration.

One object of my invention is to quicken the operation of the primary receiver, reduce the agitation of the receiver-water to a minimum, and avoid the loss of force incident to the rapid condensation of the steam when first admitted to the receiver, and this I accomplish by providing the receiver with a f unnelshaped or coniform dome or-steam-induction passage,whose greatest diameter is about half the diameter of the body of the receiver and whose length is such as to permit the expansion of the steam and reduction of the jet force before any extended surface of water is presented to the incoming steam, and such a construction or its equivalent embodies one feature of my invention.

In conjunction with a receiver having a funnel-shaped or coniform steam-induction passage and as an auxiliary thereto in disseminating the steam and avoiding agitation of the receiver-water I provide said coniform steam-induction passage at its least diameter or jet-inlet with a coniform screen or perforated metal plate, and such a construction or its equivalent embodies a second feature of my invention.

Another object which I have in view in the present invention is such a construction of the differential valve of the system as shall prevent the accumulation of foreign matter on the valve, and thus insure its effectiveness,

and this I accomplish by combining with the valve a cup for the reception of water of condensation, (or oil, as the case may be,) which fluid is alternately transferred from valve to cup, thus freeing the valve from any foreign matter, and such a construction or its equivalent embodies a third feature of myinvention.

In order to determine at all times whether the differential valve is operating effectively, I combine therewith a rod or stem which projects through the valve-casing and which may be inclosed by a screw cap or cup or equivalent means of preventing any leakage, and such a construction or its equivalent embodies a fourth feature of my invention.

A further object of my present invention is to graduate the admission of steam to the primary receiver without obstructing or limiting the exhaust therefrom, and this I accomplish by means of aspring-seated valve having an adjustable independent stem for holding the valve off its seat, which'or its equivalent, in combination with the receiver and its steam induction and eduction pipe, embodies a fifth feature of my invention.

In order to control the admission of steam to the main receiver by the fall of water therein or in the eduction-pipe thereof, I combine with the steam-induction pipe of the main receiver a steam-seated valve and a reliefvalve which controls the exhaust of the steamseated valve and is in turn controlled by a float arranged in the main receiver or eduction-pipe leading therefrom, and such a combination or its equivalent embodies a sixth feature of my invention.

In order to regulate the admission of the feed-water to a boiler or to any boiler of a battery, I arrange in the feed-water pipe, be the same a main or a branch pipe, and preferably adjacent to the boiler supplied by said pipe, a feed-water-admission valve connected with the steam-space of the boiler, said connection being provided with an auxiliary valve actuated by the rise and fall of the boiler-water through the medium of a float or otherwise, and such a combination or its equivalent embodies a seventh feature of my invention.

There areother minor features of invention, some involving particular combinations and others dependent on particular constructions of the individual elements of given combinations, all as will hereinafter more fully appear.

I will now proceed to describe my invention more fully, so that others skilled in the art to which it appertains may apply the same.

In the drawings, 13 indicates a boiler, (or one boiler of a series;) a, the mud-drum; b, the steam-dome,and c the water-column thereof,with which the boiler-feeder system is combined.

The system as chosen forpurposes of illustration comprises a primary receiver P, connected with the steam-space of boiler 13 or. other source of steam-supply by suitable tubin g, a differential valve D, interposed between the boilerB and the primary receiver P, and a main receiver M, having an air-cock m and connected up by suitably-valved tubing or piping with the boiler 13 or other source of steam-supply and with the primary receiver P and also connected with the differential valve D, which is interposed between the boiler or steam-supply and the primary receiver.

1 indicates a steam-pipe leading from the dome or steam-space of boiler 13 and which divides into branches 2 and 3, the first of which, 2, leads to the primary receiver P and the second, 3, to the main receiver M. Arranged in the steam-pipe 1 is a globe or other suitable valve 1, by means of which the steam may be cut off from the feed-water system.

Arranged in the branch steam-pipe 2,which leads to the primary receiver P, is a differential valve D, connected with the main receiver M by an equalizer-pipe 4, and between the difierential valve and the primary receiver is a graduating-valve G. l his differential valve (see Fig. 2 for details of construction) is in direct connection with the boiler or source of steam and with the primary receiver and is in effect both an induction and exhaust valve for the primary receiver, for which purpose the casin g is divided diagonally by the partition d, having the steam-port therein, and transversely by the partition d having the exhaust-port therein, which ports are controlled by piston -valves 61 and (Z The steam-valve (Z constitutes a portion of the differential piston D arranged in the cylinder-chamber D from which chamber the equalizer-pipe at leads to the main receiver, whereby the throw of the differential valve is controlled by the pressure in the main receiver M. The exhaust-valve (1' moves in a guide-cylinder or annular shell constituting a chamber D around which the exhaustchannel d passes to the exhaust-pipe d and from which chamber D one passage (Z leads to a suitable cup D (see Fig. 1,) while a second passage (i (which may be closed by a suitable plug) provides for the withdrawal of any contained or deposited fluid and sediment.

The chamber D and cup D are a provision for retaining in the valve water of condensation '(or oil) for clearing the valve from any foreignmatter which might otherwise deposit therein and interfere with the proper working of the valve, and said contained fluid isalternately drawn into and forced from chamber D by the movement of piston-valve al In order to ascertain at any time the position of the differential valve, I provide the differential piston D with a small stem (1 which projects through the casing of the valve and may, if desired, be inclosed by a screw-cap (1 to prevent leakage. By this means the valve may also be worked to displace any foreign matter which may accumulate on the valve.

The grad uating-valve G,which is interposed between the differential valve D and the primary receiver P, (for details of construction see enlarged Fig. 3,) is one in which the valve is so arranged and constructed as to be norsure by mechanical means.

mally closed by the steam-pressure from the boiler, though free to open fully when the steam-pressure is removed, and is held open or off its seat the desired distance for the admission of steam and against the steam-pres- The preferred construction is that shown in the drawings, wherein the casing is divided by a partition 'g, in which is the steam-port giprovided with the spring-pressed valve g whose stem g moves in suitable guides and is engaged by the independent threaded stem G, by means of which the valve g may be forced and held off its seat to any desired distance to admit live steam to the primary receiver P and at the same time open freelyin reverse direction to permit the escape of the exhaust from said primary receiver.

The branch steam-pipe 2 leads from the graduating-valve G to the primary receiver P.

Feed-water receivers from which the ifeedwater is discharged by steam-pressure are commonly so constructed as to present an extended water-surface to the steam-jet at the instant the jet is admitted and before the water has fallen sufficiently to permit the expansion and diffusion of the steam, and as a consequence the receiver-wateris agitated and the steam rapidly condensed, with resultant loss of force, heating of the water, and delay in the operation of the devices. To overcome these objectionable features, I provide the receiver P, which is usually of cylindrical form with a conical dome p or steam-induction passage, whose greatest diameter is preferably about half the diameter of the body of the receiver (more or less) and whose length is sufficient to allow of such expansion of the steam as will check its velocity before it comes in contact with any extended surface of water, and as a means of breaking up and dissemihating the jet of steam I cover the delivery end of branch pipe 2 within the primary receiver P with a conical screenp though said screen may be omitted, if desired.

The primary receiver P is directly con nected up with the usual feed-water-supply pipe S, which is provided with a swinging check-valve s or other suitable means of preventing the return flow of the feed-water. From the primary receiver P said supplypipe S passes to the main receiver M, between which and the primary receiver it is provided with a check-valve s and, if desired, at its lowest point with a drain-plug .9

M indicates the main receiver, which is supplied with steam through the branch steampipe 3, in which is arranged the steam-induction valve H, the operation of which is con trolled by relief-valve I. This steam-induction valve H for the main receiver is composed of a disk valve h, (see enlarged detail section Fig. 5,) which controls the port leading to the main receiver M, and through steam branch pipe 3 is in direct communication with the boiler or other source of steamesupply.

, The stem h of disk valve h passes steam -backflow of the feed-water.

tight from the lower or disk chamber through the casing and into a superposed cylinder 7L where it is provided witha piston h, the stem 77/ being provided with a steam-passage 7L5, whereby and by means of a port 77, steam is admitted into the cylinder 71 over the piston h". A small port 7L7 also admits steam from passage h to the opposite or under side of piston 7r, and between said surface of the piston and the bottom of cylinder h is interposed a spring h ,which operates to lift the piston,and with it the disk valve 71., after the pressure hasequalized on both heads of piston h and at such time as the pressure in main receiver M has approximated the boiler-pressure.

From the underside of piston 71 an exhaustport it delivers into an exhaust-pipe 5, which leads to the relief-valve I.

I indicates a relief-valve so located as to be operated by the descent of the feed-water in the main receiver M or in the upper end of the supply-pipe S, which pipe is the feedwater eduction as well as induction pipe of the main receiver. By preference said reliefvalve I is located in an enlargement of the feed-water and supply pipe just below the main reservoir M, (see Fig. 1,) which enlargement (or water-column) may be provided with a gage-glass, and the main reservoir is itself preferably located above the desired waterlevel of the boiler, as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

The casing of relief-valve I (for detail of construction see Fig. 6) is provided with a port i, with which the pipe 5, leading from the exhaust-port h of valve H, connects, said port or passage 11 delivering into valve-chamber 1?, from which an exhaust-port i discharges through exhaust-pipe 6. J ournaled in the valve-casing is a short shaft '5 provided with an arm 2' which carries or operates a slidevalve 21 which slide controls the exhaust-port 2' the opposite end of said short shaft 2' being connected to a float 1, arranged in the watercolumn of the supply and feed pipe, so that the relief-valve or slide-valve i is moved by the rise and fall of the water in the supplypipe S. Within the column may be placed pins or stops '17 (see Fig. 1) to limit the movement of the float I and the valve if, operated thereby.

7 indicates the main feed-water pipe, which branches from the supply-pipe S just below the main receiver M and enlargement or float-chamber last noted, and said feed pipe 7 is provided with a swinging check-valve s or other suitable means of preventing the Between said check-valve s and the boiler, so as' to be operated by the back pressure in the feedpipe, is a spray-pipe 8, provided witha suitable valve 8, which pipedelivers into the upper end of main reservoir M, and if desired, the reservoir end of said spray-pipe may be provided with a disk 8 to break up or nebulize the water-jet as it is delivered into the upper part of the main reservoir.

From the main feed-pipe 7 separate branch feed-pipes 9 lead to the respective boilers of the series, provided there be a battery of boilers, and in each branch leading to aboiler I locate a feed-water-admission valve K. The branch feed-pipe 9 may be provided with a suitable gate-valve s between the feedwater-admission valve and the boiler, and said feed-pipe, by preference, is arranged to deliver into the mud-drum. The admissionvalve should be of a characterto be operated by steam-pressure in the boiler and is preferably one (see Fig. 7 for details of construction) wherein the casing is divided by atransverse partition k, provided with a valve-port k having a suitable disk or piston valve 15- for closing the port.

The stem k of the valve may be provided with suitable wings or guide-lugs 70 for centering and guiding the valve and terminates in a piston k fitted into a suitable cylinder 7J connected to or forming part of the valve-casing. The piston k is preferably a hollow or cup piston containing a spring 70 which under certain conditions assists in opening the valve. The cylinder k back of the piston 7c, is provided with a port 70, by means of which and a suitable pipe 10 connection is made between said cylinder and auxiliary valve L.

The area of valve and piston 7t and the power of spring 71: are so proportioned that the valve k will be normally closed by the pressure of water in the feed-pipe, but will open when steam from the boiler enters the cylinder 70 back of piston 7t.

L indicates an auxiliary valve for controlling the admission to an exhaust of steam from cylinder 70 of feed-Water-admission valve K, with which itis connected by pipe 10.

The auxiliary valve L (for detail of construction see Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) is one which is controlled by the rise and fall of the boiler-water by means of a float or in other suitable manner. Preferably it is connected with a water-column c, (which may be provided with a glass gage,) which column contains the float and levers that actuate the valve. The valve-casing may consist of a plug Z, provided with the coupling P, by which it connects with pipe 10 and valve K and from which a steam port or passage Z leads to the slide-valve, a coupling Z to which is connected the exhaust-pipe and to which an exhaust-steam port or passage 1 leads from the valve, and a coupling Z for the attachment of a whistle W and to which a steamport Z leads from the slide-valve. L, Fig. 10, shows the valve-seat and the relative position of the ports Z Z and Z and on said valve-seat is arranged the slide-valve L between the bracket posts or pillars Z Z the valve L being held against its seat by a suitable spring Z and operated by the short arm of lever L which is pivoted on the bracketposts Z Z and to the long arm of which the float L is connected. r

The slide-valve L is provided with a passage 1 (see Fig. 12) by which the port or passage Z and the exhaust port or passage 1'' are connected when the boiler-water is at the desired level, a second port Z which registers with the port or passage 1, leading to the whistle at such times as the boiler-water falls below the normal level, and the slide-valve is also cut away at Z or otherwise formed to open the steam-passage 1'', leading to the cylinder k of the admission-valve K, whenever the boiler-water falls below the normal level. If the admission-valve K should fail to close and the water in the boiler rise above the normal level, the continued rise of float L would depress slide-valve L until its upper edge would sink below port or passage Z leading to the whistle w, and a high-water alarm would then be sounded.

The construction of myimproved feed-water devices being substantially such as hereinbefore pointed out, their operation will be as follows: Supposing the main receiver M to be empty and the primary receiver P filled with water by gravity or otherwise, the float I, which controls the relief-valve I, Will be in its lowest position (see Fig. 1) and the little slidevalve 2' (see Fig. 6) will be so placed as to leave exhaust-port 1' open, and this throughpipe 5 will leave open the exhaust-port h (see Fig. 5) on the under side of piston 71 of steaminduction valve 11. Now on opening the globevalve 1 steam passes through pipes 2 and 3 to the graduating-valve G, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) which is closed, and also into the steam-inlet valve H (see Figs. 1 and 2) of the main receiver M, and thence into said main receiver, as the disk 7b is at this time (the exhaust back of piston h being open) held off its seat by spring h The steam which enters the main receiver M finding no escape there is a rapid rise in pressure in the valve-casing, which, acting through ports 7L2 and 7t onthe upper surface of piston 77;, overcomes spring 7L8 and forces the disk It on its seat, thus cutting ofi the steam from the main receiver M. At this point the air-cock m is opened, which permits the escape of the air and steam from the receiver, and the graduating-valve G is also opened the required distance to admit of the desired steam -pressure in primary receiver P, whereupon the water is forced from primary receiver P up into the main receiver M. The air-cock m having been closed to prevent the escape of Water, the pressure rapidly rises in main receiver M and all its connections until the pressure on the under side of disk valve h, aided by spring 7?), overcomes the pressure above the disk valve, and said valve is thrown open and steam from the boiler is again admitted to main receiver M. As the water rises in the receiver the float I rises,closing the slide-valve i and the exhaust h from beneath the piston h, thus assisting in the opening of valve 72 At the same time the disk valve h opens to admit steam to the main receiver the pressure in the main receiver, acting through pipe 4: on piston D (see Fig. 4) of differential valve D, closes valve 61 and opens valve cl, thus cutting off the steam from and opening the exhaust to primary receiver P, whereupon primary receiver P immediately refills with water. The opening of disk valve 72 and the admission of steam to main receiver M, as before specified,oauses the feed-water to pass from the main receiver into main feedpipe 7 past the swinging check-valve 8 which prevents its return, and onto the branch feedpipes leading to the boilers to be supplied. Thewater continues to leave the receiver M until its surface is at a level slightly below the point in the feed (or supply) pipe where it will support the float I, whereupon the float 1 drops, Withdrawing the valve 2"", and opening exhaust-port i permitting the .escape of steam from the under side of piston 72 whereupon the valve h is again closed by the pressure above it, and the steam is again out off from main receiver M. Condensation of the steam confined in main receiver M then commences, and the back pressure in the main feed-pipe 7 forces a Water-jet through pipe 8 into the upper part of main receiver M, which hastens the condensation and fall of pressure in the main receiver. The reduction of pressurein the main receiver, acting through pipe 4 on the piston D of the differential valve,opens the steam-inlet valve (1 and closes the exhaust-valve d, thus again admitting steam to the primary receiver P, whereupon the several operations hereinbefore recited are repeated in succession until the boiler-water has reached the normal level, when the operation of the devices cease until such time as the boiler-water again falls below the normal level. Vfhen the boiler-water falls below the normal level, the descent of float L in column 0, acting through lever L? on slide valve L (see Fig. 8,) causes the slide to rise and port Z of the slide to register with the port Z leading to the whistle IV, and an alarm is sounded. The same movement of slide L also opens the passage or port Z admitting steam, thence through pipe l0-behind piston (see Fig. 7) of the admission-valve K unbalancing the valve 70 which is then thrown by spring 10 and permits the feed-water to enter the boiler. When the boiler-water again reaches the normal level,the rise of the float shifts the slide-valve L down until the port or passage Z thereof connects the passage Z leading from behind piston 7s, with the exhaust-passage Z whereuponthe admission-valve 7& will be closed by the pressure in the feed-water pipe. If, however, the valve should fail to close, the continued rise of the water in the boiler and of the float L would still further depress the slide L until the upper edge thereof would fall below and unclose port Z leading to whistle WV, and a high-water alarm would be a once sounded. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a feed-water apparatus, the combination with a feed-water-supply pipe and a steam-induction pipe, of a feed-water receiver having a steam-inductionpassage of truncated cone shape the maximum diameter whereof is less than that of said receiver, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a feed-Water apparatus, the combination with a feed-water-supply pipe and a steam-ind uction pipe, of a feed-water receiver having a funnel-shaped or coniform dome or steam induction passage, and a coniform strainer arranged over the steam-inlet; substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a feed-water apparatus the combination with a feed-water receiver and its steaminduction pipe, of a spring-retained inletvalve normally open, and means for automatically, actuating said valve in the reverse directionby steam-pressure, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a feed-water apparatus the combination with a feed-water receiver its steam and feed-water-supply pipes, of a spring-retained inlet-valve normally open for admitting pressure to said receiver, a steam-cylinder containing a piston for actuating said valve to seat it, and means for controlling the eX-' haust-port of the cylinder by the rise orfall of the feed-water, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. I11 a feed-water apparatus the combination with a feed-water receiver its steam and feed-water-supply pipes, of a spring-retained inlet-valve normally open for admitting pressure to said receiver, a steam-cylinder containing a piston for actuating said valve to seat it, valve mechanism for controlling an exhaust-port in the cylinder, and a float actuated by the rise or fall of the feed-water for con-trolling said valve mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The combination in a steam-inlet valve for feed-water systems, of a disk valve for controlling the steam-inlet port, a valve-stem therefor having a steam-passage and provided with a piston, a cylinder for the piston of the valve-stem, a spring which acts upon the piston of the valve-stem to unseat the valve, and means for opening and closing the exhaust-port of the piston-cylinder; substantially as and for the purposes specified.-

7 In a feed-water system the combination with afeed-water receiver its steam-inlet and water-supply pipes, of a spring-retained inletvalve normally open for admitting pressure to said receiver, and relief mechanism for controlling the exhaust-port of the steam-inlet valve, said relief mechanism comprising a slide-valve, a shaft for actuating the latter, and a float arranged in the feed-water-supply pipe for rocking said shaft, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. In a feed-water apparatus, the combina- IIO tion with a primary receiver, and a main receiver, and suitable steam and Water pipe connections, of adifferential valve interposed between the steam-supply and the primary receiver and connected with the main receiver, and a graduating-valve interposed between the differential valve and the primary receiver, and so constructed that the flow of fluid may be positively restricted in one direction and unrestricted in the reverse, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. In a differential valve for feed-Water apparatus, the combination with the exhaustvalve thereof, of a cylinder or guide-shell wherein the exhaust-valve moves, and a cup arranged upon the valve and communicating with the cylinder or chamber formed by the guide shell of the exhaust valve, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. In a differential valve for feed-Water apparatus, the combination with the steam-inlet valve and its stem, of the steam-exhaust valve (1 the cylinder D traversed by the valve (1 said cylinder having a port, and a cup D substantially as and for the purposes specified.

11. Inafeed-waterapparatus, the combination with a Water-c0111 nm or float-chamber having a neck adapted'to receive a plug-casing, of a plug-casing in screw connection with said neck provided with inlet and outlet steam-ports and a valve-seat, a valve having a passage or port for connecting said steamport and outlet-ports, and means for connecting the valve with the float of the Watercolumn, substantially asand for the purposes specified.

12. An auxiliary valve for feed-water apparatus, said valve having a plug-casing Z provided with ports Z Z and Z and a slidevalve L provided with ports Z and Z in combination with an alarm-Whistle, and a feed- Water-admission valve, actuated from said auxiliary valve; substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. An auxiliary valve having a plug-cas' ing Z provided with ports Z l and Z and a slide-valve provided with ports Z and and a notch Z, in combination with a feed-Wateradmission valve and a signal operated from said auxiliary valve; substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses, this 12th day of August, 1897.

J. K. LENCKE, .I. MELNER. 

